Down Syndrome
A genetic condition caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
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Overview
Down syndrome Trisomy 21 is genetic condition from extra chromosome 21 copy. Affects physical development learning pace sometimes health but every person unique. Around 1 in 1000 UK babies born with it. Characteristic features include almond eyes lower muscle tone single palm crease. Health concerns can include heart hearing vision thyroid needing monitoring. People have learning disabilities mild to moderate. Development happens slower pace. Speech therapy physiotherapy educational support enable progress independence. Many adults live independently or supported work have relationships self-advocate. Life expectancy now 60-plus years. Biggest barriers not condition itself but societal assumptions low expectations lack accessible opportunities. People with Down syndrome deserve same dignity choices social inclusion as anyone else.
Key Characteristics
- Extra chromosome 21 Trisomy 21
- Characteristic physical features
- Learning disability affecting pace
- Lower muscle tone hypotonia
- Possible heart hearing vision thyroid issues
- Speech and language delays
- Strong visual learning
- Life expectancy 60-plus with care
What Helps
- Early intervention speech physio OT
- Visual learning with pictures demonstrations
- Inclusive education with support
- Regular health monitoring cardiac hearing
- Makaton signing to support communication
- High expectations assume capability
- Social inclusion community participation
- Transition planning for adulthood
- Advocacy training for self-determination
- Combat low expectations assumptions
Note: Informational only. Consult professionals for individualised support.