The History of Mental Health

Deep Dive Topics

These topics open out from the timeline. Each one explores a specific idea, case, or turning point in this chronicle.

Sacred, cursed or touched by gods Ancient world

The Sacred Disease Classical world

The humours and the body Classical medicine

Melancholia and mania Classical world

Sin, spirits and sanctity Medieval period

Islamic hospitals and care 800s to 1200s

Witchcraft and madness 1500s to 1600s

Bethlem Hospital begins 1247 onwards

Madhouses and private confinement 1600s to 1700s

Bedlam as public spectacle 1600s to 1700s

Poor law and madness 1601 onwards

Moral treatment 1790s

The York Retreat 1796

County asylums 1808

Lunacy Acts and inspection 1845

Asylum overcrowding Late 1800s

Asylum work and routine 1800s to 1900s

The non restraint movement 1830s to 1840s

Diagnosis and classification 1800s

Phrenology 1800s

Degeneration theory Late 1800s

Kraepelin and modern diagnosis Late 1800s

Mental Deficiency Act 1913

Bleuler and schizophrenia 1908 to 1911

Lunacy Act 1890 1890

Psychoanalysis and the inner life 1900s

Hysteria and gender 1800s to early 1900s

Postnatal mental health 1900s onwards

Perinatal mental health services 2010s onwards

Shell shock 1914 to 1918

Child guidance movement Early 1900s

Mental Treatment Act 1930

Nazi psychiatry and T4 1939 to 1945

ECT and shock treatments 1930s onwards

Insulin coma therapy 1930s to 1950s

Lobotomy 1930s to 1970s

NHS and mental health 1948

Psychiatric nursing 1948 onwards

Psychiatric medication 1950s

Depot medication 1960s onwards

Antidepressants 1950s onwards

Eating disorders Late 1800s onwards

Eating disorder services 2000s onwards

Lithium and mood stabilisation 1949 onwards

Mental Health Act 1959 1959

Open door policy 1950s to 1960s

Anti psychiatry and patient voice 1960s to 1970s

Substance misuse and mental health 1900s onwards

Dual diagnosis 1980s onwards

Cognitive behavioural therapy 1960s to 1970s

Service user and survivor movement 1970s onwards

The recovery model 1990s onwards

Peer support 2000s onwards

Mind and the voluntary sector 1940s onwards

Therapeutic communities 1940s onwards

Community care 1960s to 1990s

Mental Health Act 1983 1983

Section 136 and police powers 1983 onwards

Mental health in prisons Now

Mental Health Review Tribunals 1983 onwards

DSM and diagnostic expansion 1980 onwards

Personality disorder labels 1980s onwards

PTSD enters diagnosis 1980 onwards

Care Programme Approach 1991

Crisis resolution and home treatment 2000s

Liaison psychiatry 2000s onwards

Human rights and capacity 1998 to 2005

Mental Health Act 2007 2007

Independent mental health advocacy 2007 onwards

Black mental health inequality 1980s onwards

IAPT and talking therapies 2008 onwards

Children and young people's mental health 2000s onwards

Mental health in schools 2010s onwards

Mental health and neurodivergence Now

Autistic people in inpatient units Now

Learning disability and mental health Now

Parity of esteem 2012 onwards

Suicide prevention as public health 1990s onwards

Self harm and crisis response 1990s onwards

Social determinants of mental health 2010s onwards

Workplace mental health Now

Burnout and modern life Now

Social prescribing 2010s onwards

Seni's Law and use of force 2018

COVID and mental health 2020 onwards

Digital mental health 2010s onwards

Rights, crisis and access now Now

Mental Health Act reform debate Now

A rights based mental health future Future

Trauma informed care Now